Rapid Review: Xanthoma
Reviewed February 2024
Cutaneous Xanthoma
- History of hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia
- Bumps on the heel (tendinous xanthoma), around the eyelid (xanthelasma), or on extensor extremities or joints
- PE will show a smooth, firm, skin-colored nodule that moves with the movement of the tendon, arcus cornealis (a white or gray ring in the corneal margin), or eruptive xanthomas (red or yellow papules)
- Labs may show elevated LDL, hypertriglyceridemia
- Most commonly caused by familial hypercholesterolemia (a PCSK9 gene mutation of LDL receptors) but can be due to hyperlipidemia from any cause
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