{"id":9024,"date":"2020-04-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-15T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.roshreview.com\/?p=9024"},"modified":"2022-05-03T08:10:55","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T08:10:55","slug":"how-to-use-apostrophes-like-a-pro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.roshreview.com\/blog\/how-to-use-apostrophes-like-a-pro\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use Apostrophes Like a Pro"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">This month, I\u2019m back on the topic of punctuation marks. Whose turn is it this time? Apostrophes. These little marks are used in a few ways, but the main two are (1) to indicate missing letters in contractions (such as \u201cdon\u2019t\u201d or \u201cthey\u2019ll\u201d\u2014not the pregnancy kind of contractions) and (2) to indicate possession (that something \u201cbelongs\u201d to someone or something). This lesson focuses on the possessive use.<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s start with a slight tangent. If something is plural, we typically add an s to the end of the word, and we don&#8217;t add an apostrophe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><span><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Which of the following <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">patients<\/span> is most at risk for inaccurate serum LDL and HDL cholesterol <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">measurements<\/span>?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is one of our lead-in questions that lists four possible choices. Since we\u2019re talking about more than one patient, we say \u201cpatients\u201d\u2014no apostrophe needed. Same with \u201cmeasurements.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s easy! Now on to possessives and apostrophes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we want to show that something belongs to someone (or something) else, we typically add \u2019s to the end.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><span><strong>The <span style=\"color: #008000\">resident\u2019s<\/span> EM board review session was productive. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The EM board review session belongs to the resident, which is why we add the possessive \u2019s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><span><strong>Asplenism secondary to sickle cell disease increases a <span style=\"color: #008000\">patient\u2019s<\/span> risk for what type of infections?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The risk belongs to the patient, so we\u2019ve again used the possessive \u2019s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s pretty straightforward. But what if a plural word is possessive? Do we still add \u2019s to the end? Nope! Just put an apostrophe after the final s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><span><strong>He has been caught smoking cigarettes in the ED bathroom and has been known to steal food trays and other <span style=\"color: #993366\">patients\u2019<\/span> belongings.<\/strong><span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that it&#8217;s not <strong>patients&#8217;s<\/strong>.<br><br>Now it\u2019s your turn\u2014try this one out:<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background has-very-light-gray-background-color\"><span><strong>The <\/strong>[<strong><span style=\"color: #800080\">programs<\/span><\/strong>\/<strong><span style=\"color: #800080\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #800080\">\u2019s<\/span><\/strong>]<strong> OB\/GYN <\/strong>[<strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">residents<\/span><\/strong>\/<strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">resident\u2019s<\/span><\/strong>\/<strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">residents<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">\u2019<\/span><\/strong>]<strong> crushed their CREOG exam<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you chose <span style=\"color: #800080\"><strong>program\u2019s<\/strong><\/span> (possessive of \u201cprogram\u201d) and <span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>residents<\/strong><\/span> (plural of \u201cresident\u201d), you\u2019re correct!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s a bonus apostrophe rule about the pronoun \u201cit\u201d: the contraction \u201cit\u2019s\u201d means \u201cit is,\u201d but the possessive of \u201cit\u201d is \u201cits\u201d\u2014no apostrophe in sight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The apostrophe lesson&#8217;s examples are its most useful part<\/strong>. (Thanks, I make a lot of them up myself.)&nbsp;<br><br>A possessive, a plural, and a possessive without an apostrophe\u2014what an example!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This month, I\u2019m back on the topic of punctuation marks. Whose turn is it this time? Apostrophes. These little marks are used in a few ways, but the main two are (1) to indicate missing letters in contractions (such as \u201cdon\u2019t\u201d or \u201cthey\u2019ll\u201d\u2014not the pregnancy kind of contractions) and (2) to indicate possession (that something <a href=\"https:\/\/www.roshreview.com\/blog\/how-to-use-apostrophes-like-a-pro\/\">read more&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":11203,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1996,1998],"tags":[2735],"coauthors":[3822],"class_list":["post-9024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogtype","category-lauras-lessons","tag-grammar"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Use Apostrophes Like a Pro - 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