Questions
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Patient care begins with knowledge, and knowledge begins with the fundamentals. The Pre-PA Prep Qbank Bundle covers these fundamentals with anatomy, physiology, medical terminology, PA professional practice, and wellness.
Question
During which phases of the cardiac cycle are all the valves closed?
A Atrial systole and isovolumetric ventricular contraction
B Isovolumetric ventricular contraction and isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
C Rapid ventricular filling and reduced ventricular filling
D Reduced ventricular ejection and isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
The cardiac cycle consists of seven phases that lead to blood being circulated throughout the body. The phases of the cardiac cycle are atrial systole, isovolumetric ventricular contraction, rapid ventricular ejection, reduced ventricular ejection, isovolumetric ventricular relaxation, rapid ventricular filling, and reduced ventricular filling. The isovolumetric ventricular contraction phase is marked by an increase in ventricular pressure as the ventricles contract. This phase begins when the atrioventricular (tricuspid and mitral) valves close due to the pressure in the ventricles exceeding the pressure in the atria. The volume of the blood in the ventricles remains constant during isovolumetric ventricular contraction because the atrioventricular and semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) are closed. Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation occurs between ventricular ejection of blood and ventricular filling. It begins when the semilunar valves close following ventricular contraction and ends with the opening of the atrioventricular valves. The volume of blood in the ventricles remains constant because each of the valves is closed, and the pressure decreases because the ventricles are relaxed.
Atrial systole and isovolumetric ventricular contraction (A) is incorrect because, during atrial systole, the atrioventricular valves are open, as blood is flowing into the ventricles. Rapid ventricular filling and reduced ventricular filling (C) are phases of the cardiac cycle where the atrioventricular valves are open and the semilunar valves are closed. Reduced ventricular ejection and isovolumetric ventricular relaxation (D) is incorrect because the semilunar valves are open during reduced ventricular ejection.
Explanations
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Understanding why an answer choice is incorrect is just as important as knowing why one is correct. That’s why every Rosh Review question includes detailed explanations for the correct and incorrect answer choices. These comprehensive summaries link the most important components of a topic—from risk factors to diagnostics and treatment—giving you the context to build relationships between them.
- Created for optimal learning and recall
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One Step Further
Taking your learning to the next level
After each explanation is a straightforward question with a simple, memorizable answer that reinforces the corresponding topic.
- Strengthens your knowledge
- Stands alone from the main explanation so you’re not rereading content
Q: In which part of the electrocardiogram does isovolumetric ventricular contraction begin?
Reveal AnswerA: QRS complex, which represents the electrical activation of the ventricles.
I love Rosh Review! I learn from every question!
Zack Olson
FAQs
Get a little more clarification
How can a Pre-PA Qbank help me prepare for PA school?
Congratulations on being accepted into PA school! If you’re ready to build your foundation of medical knowledge before your first day of school (and show your dedication to the profession), the Pre-PA Qbank is an excellent choice.
The Pre-PA Qbank includes hundreds of multiple-choice questions, comprehensive explanations, and teaching images covering anatomy, physiology, medical terminology, professional practice, and student wellness. You can get a look at the types of questions included in the Qbank here.
Getting a jump on your learning can not only enhance your PA school experience, it can help your future patients, as well. Give it a try—we're here for you on every step of your journey.
The Pre-PA Qbank includes hundreds of multiple-choice questions, comprehensive explanations, and teaching images covering anatomy, physiology, medical terminology, professional practice, and student wellness. You can get a look at the types of questions included in the Qbank here.
Getting a jump on your learning can not only enhance your PA school experience, it can help your future patients, as well. Give it a try—we're here for you on every step of your journey.
How do I get started?
Whether you have a trial account or you purchased a subscription, access Rosh Review by logging in at app.roshreview.com.
To access the Qbank, go to the Create Exam tab to begin making and taking exams made up of questions from the Qbank.
You can find any boost exams under the My Exams → Boost Exam tab.
Once you've completed and submitted a few exams, you can see your statistics under the Performance Analysis tab.
To access the Qbank, go to the Create Exam tab to begin making and taking exams made up of questions from the Qbank.
You can find any boost exams under the My Exams → Boost Exam tab.
Once you've completed and submitted a few exams, you can see your statistics under the Performance Analysis tab. Who writes the questions and explanations?
The finest people around! Question writers are board-certified clinicians who have all performed well on their certification exams. Answer explanations are derived from the specialty’s authoritative resources with some personal input to simplify the material and synthesize it for greatest comprehension and recall.
If you’re interested in becoming a question writer, tell us a bit about yourself and we'll be in touch.
If you’re interested in becoming a question writer, tell us a bit about yourself and we'll be in touch.
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Absolutely! You can try out a number of sample questions in the actual app by creating a free account (no billing information required—we promise).
You will get a fully functional account, forever, with a limited number of questions. If you love it, you can easily purchase a full content subscription. You won't be charged at any point during your trial until you make a purchase.