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Internal Medicine Inpatient Maintenance of Certification Qbank

Internal Medicine Question Banks

Questions

Based on the American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification Blueprint categories. Authored & peer-reviewed by faculty, clinicians, and program directors.

Each question is written to resemble the format and topics on the exam, meaning you won’t see any negatively phrased questions, no “all of the following except,” no “A and B”…you know what we mean. Most importantly, all questions include selective distractors (incorrect answer choices), which will help you think critically.

  • Must address important content
  • Must be well structured

Question

An 82-year-old man with hypertension, diabetes, dysphagia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia is hospitalized for a right hip fracture after a mechanical fall. He undergoes successful surgical reduction and fixation on admission. His inpatient medications are amlodipine, insulin, tamsulosin, prophylactic enoxaparin, maintenance intravenous fluids, and oxycodone as needed for pain. He is receiving a mechanical soft diet with thickened liquids. On hospital day 3, he develops shortness of breath and hypoxia. Vital signs are a T of 101.6°F (38.7°C), HR of 122 bpm, BP of 102/79 mm Hg, RR of 24/min, and SpO2 of 93% on 6 L nasal cannula. Chest radiograph shows a right middle lobe infiltrate. Which of the following factors most likely contributed to the development of this patient’s current condition?

A Impaired consciousness from medications
B Lack of nasogastric tube placement for feeding
C Maintenance intravenous fluids
D Thickened liquids
Correct Answer Distractor
This patient is most likely presenting with aspiration pneumonia, which occurs when oropharyngeal or gastric fluids enter the lower airways of the lungs. The three main causes of aspiration pneumonia are bacterial aspiration pneumonia (when the aspirated contents have bacteria that cause active infection in the lungs), chemical pneumonitis (when the aspirated contents cause an inflammatory reaction in the lungs), and mechanical obstruction (when the aspirated contents cause airway obstruction). 

Impaired consciousness from medication use, such as from pain medications or prior anesthesia, is a common cause of aspiration pneumonia. This patient has underlying dysphagia, which is a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia. His recent surgery and use of opioid pain medications likely further predisposed him to aspiration pneumonia.

Explanations

Written with a purpose

Understanding why an answer choice is incorrect is just as important as knowing why one is correct. That’s why every Rosh Review question includes detailed explanations for the correct and incorrect answer choices. These comprehensive summaries link the most important components of a topic—from risk factors to diagnostics and treatment—giving you the context to build relationships between them.

  • Created for optimal learning and recall
  • Help reinforce your knowledge
  • Focus on the essential information

Illustrations

Created to enhance learning

Custom illustrations and tables help further clarify the core concepts. When information is presented visually, you can focus on meaning, easily reorganize and group similar ideas, and make better use of your memory.

Powerful Analytics

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Your Qbank’s performance metrics, like projected score or probability of passing, are now more accurate and personalized to the exam you’re studying for. The more questions you complete, the better your insights become.

Focus your learning

Deep insights to determine your strengths and weaknesses so you can spend your time on the subjects that matter.

Compare with your peers

Discover how your answer choices align with those selected by learners across the country.

Find out your probability of passing

Using data generated by previous users, your Qbank gives a prediction of how likely you are to pass your exam.

One Step Further

Taking your learning to the next level

After each explanation is a straightforward question with a simple, memorizable answer that reinforces the corresponding topic.

  • Strengthens your knowledge
  • Stands alone from the main explanation so you’re not rereading content

Question

What is the recommended treatment for chemical pneumonitis from gastric aspiration?

Reveal Answer

Aspiration Pneumonia in Adults

  • Most common cause of lung abscess
  • Risks: impaired consciousness, dysphagia, or esophageal disease
  • Sx: productive cough, fever, dyspnea on exertion
  • PE: pulmonary rales
  • CXR: dependent areas of the lung, usually the superior segments of the lower lobes or posterior segments of the upper lobes
  • Polymicrobial (aerobic and anaerobic bacteria)
  • Tx: treat as community-acquired pneumonia unless abscess or empyema is presen

Rapid Review

Keeping things simple

These bulleted reviews focus on condensed, high-yield concepts about the main topic, from patient presentation to preferred management.

  • Cover the fundamentals in one list
  • Allow you to quickly scan the must-know information

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