Many neurohormones contribute to the control of appetite and metabolism, including those produced in the gut and in the adipose tissue. Which of the following is true regarding adiponectin?
A Adiponectin replacement therapy creates a proinflammatory state B It confers a protective role against insulin resistance and diabetes C It increases hunger and decreases energy expenditure D It is mainly produced in brown adipose tissue E It is often found in increased levels in patients with obesityAdiponectin is a neurohormone produced by white adipose tissue and is produced in the highest volume of any adipose-derived neurohormone. It acts mainly on the liver, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and vascular endothelial cells. Adiponectin increases the uptake and oxidation of free fatty acids and increases mitochondrial mass and oxidative capacity. Adiponectin opposes the adverse metabolic effects often conferred by obesity, as it is anti-inflammatory, proinsulin sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, and part of the cardiac remodeling process. Therefore, it confers a protective role against insulin resistance and diabetes.
As augmentation of its primary roles, adiponectin therapy has shown to promote an anti-inflammatory state. Thus, adiponectin replacement therapy creates a proinflammatory state (A) is incorrect. Adiponectin does not increase hunger and decrease energy expenditure (C) since it is an insulin sensitizer with effects to reduce cardiovascular disease risk, thereby decreasing hunger and increasing energy expenditure. Levels of adiponectin are found to be decreased in the presence of the disease of obesity, not increased (E). Lastly, most adiponectin is produced in white adipose tissue, not brown adipose tissue (D).
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Jennie is a family physician certified by the American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM) with a passion for overall health. She balances her professional life caring for hospitalized patients, reducing the chronic disease burden of obesity, and educating the next generation of physicians. With the new Obesity Medicine Qbank, Rosh Review learners will be prepared for success on the ABOM certification exam and able to provide evidence-based care in the field of obesity medicine.
